Topic 4.1 Topic 4.1 Attribution Theory and Person Perception

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Dispositional Attribution

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The tendency to attribute a person's behavior to their character or personality.

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Situational Attribution

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The tendency to attribute a person's behavior to external factors, such as the environment or situation.

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Optimistic explanatory style

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A way of explaining events that attributes positive outcomes to internal, stable, and global factors.

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Pessimistic explanatory style

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A way of explaining events that attributes negative outcomes to internal, stable, and global factors.

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Actor-observer bias

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The tendency to attribute our own actions to external factors while attributing others' actions to internal factors.

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Fundamental attribution error (FAE)

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The tendency to overemphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors in judging others' behavior.

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Self-serving bias

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The tendency to attribute positive events to one's own character but attribute negative events to external factors.

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External locus of control

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The belief that one's life is controlled by external factors rather than one's own actions.

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Internal locus of control

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The belief that one controls their own life through their own efforts and actions.

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Mere exposure effect

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The phenomenon where people tend to develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them.