Mutations Flashcard (Amoeba Sisters)

Front

What is the role of a genetic counselor?

Back

To help individuals and families understand genetic disorders and the implications of genetic testing.

Front

What organisms can have mutations?

Back

Animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria, and viruses can all have mutations.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the genetic material (DNA) of an organism.

Front

What genetic disorder is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin protein?

Back

Sickle cell anemia.

Front

What happens if an individual inherits two copies of the mutated gene for sickle cell anemia?

Back

They have the disorder.

Front

What is a gene mutation?

Back

A gene mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene.

Front

What is the difference between a mutation and a chromosomal change?

Back

A mutation refers to changes in the DNA sequence of a gene, while a chromosomal change involves alterations in the structure or number of chromosomes.

Front

What is the significance of mutations in evolution?

Back

Mutations introduce genetic variation, which is essential for natural selection and evolution.

Front

What is a carrier in genetics?

Back

A carrier is an individual who has one copy of a mutated gene but does not exhibit symptoms of the disorder.

Front

What is the protective factor against malaria associated with sickle cell anemia?

Back

Individuals with one copy of the sickle cell gene (carriers) have a reduced risk of severe malaria.