Transcription and Translation Flashcard

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

How many nucleotides make up a codon?

Back

3

Front

What is the complementary mRNA sequence for the DNA sequence 3' C A T T C A C A C G T A A C T 5'?

Back

5' G U A A G U G U G C A U U G A 3'

Front

What binds to the promoter of a gene to initiate transcription?

Back

Transcription factors.

Front

Where does translation occur in an animal cell?

Back

Cytoplasm.

Front

What enzyme builds the new mRNA molecule during transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA by adding nucleotides complementary to the DNA template.

Front

What is the function of transcription factors?

Back

Transcription factors help regulate the transcription of genes by binding to nearby DNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.