AP Computer Science Principles-Vocabulary Review

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Heuristic

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A problem-solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible.

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Lossless Compression

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A data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.

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Image

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A type of data used for graphics or pictures.

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Metadata

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Data that describes other data. For example, a digital image may include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution.

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Lossy Compression

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A data compression method that uses inexact approximations, discarding some data to represent the content. Most commonly seen in image formats like .jpg.

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Abstraction

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Pulling out specific differences to make one solution work for multiple problems.

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Innovation

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A novel or improved idea, device, product, etc., or the development thereof.

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Binary

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A way of representing information using only two options.

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Bit

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A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.

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Bandwidth

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Transmission capacity measure by bit rate.