Connection Cards: Sets 1-3 Industrialization

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What are the long term causes of the Civil War? · Sectionalism · Slavery: Differing economic needs/reliance on slavery in the South · Extension of Slavery · States’ Rights

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Long Term Causes of the Civil War

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California admitted as a free state; sale of slaves banned in D.C.; Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 enacted; rest of Mexican Cession territory open to slavery based on popular sovereignty (will of the people).

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Compromise of 1850

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Divisive act introduced by Stephen Douglas, which repealed the Missouri Compromise by applying popular sovereignty to both the Kansas and Nebraska territories. The Republican Party (opposing the extension of slavery) was formed in 1854 due to this Act.

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

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Supreme Court decision (1857) stating that Scott did not have the right to sue for his freedom since he was not a U.S. citizen, but property of another person. Decision went further to claim that the Missouri Compromise prohibiting slavery in territories was unconstitutional. Congress had no right to take away another person’s property.

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Dred Scott Decision

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Idea put forth by Stephen Douglas, during a debate with Lincoln, that the residents of a territory could still ban slavery despite what the Supreme Court decided with Dred Scott.

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Freeport Doctrine

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An attempt to expand U.S. territory; pushed for Spain to sell Cuba to the United States for $120 million dollars in 1854. The document caused uproar because Cuba was already an established slavery territory. It was declared unconstitutional due to the Fugitive Slave Law that was passed as part of the Compromise of 1850; therefore Cuba did not become a U.S. territory.

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Ostend Manifesto

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Lincoln’s announcement that all slaves in those states still rebelling would be freed. Did not free slaves in border states that were loyal to the Union.

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Emancipation Proclamation

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July 1863 battle that was the turning point in the war. The South never advanced into the North again.

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Gettysburg

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Short speech given by Lincoln to honor Union losses at Gettysburg; made it clear the war was about ending slavery.

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Gettysburg Address

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Outlaws slavery in all states and all lands governed by the United States.

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13th Amendment