AP Computer Science Big Idea Terms

Front

What best defines a syntax error in programming?

Back

A violation of the language’s grammatical rules that prevents the code from compiling or running.

Front

Which of the following best describes a logic error in a program? Options: A violation of the programming language’s syntax rules that prevents the code from running, An error that occurs only when the program is executing, such as accessing invalid memory, A mistake in the algorithm that causes the program to produce incorrect or unexpected results, An error resulting from numeric values exceeding their representable range

Back

A mistake in the algorithm that causes the program to produce incorrect or unexpected results

Front

Which of the following best describes a run‑time error in a program?

A mistake in the language’s syntax that prevents the code from compiling

A mistake in the algorithm that leads to incorrect output

An error resulting from numeric values exceeding their representable range

An error that occurs only when the program is executed, such as accessing invalid memory

Back

An error that occurs only when the program is executed, such as accessing invalid memory

Front

Which of the following best describes an overflow error?

Back

An error that occurs when a value exceeds the maximum representable by the allotted bits, causing wrap‑around.

Front

Which of the following best defines a bit?

Back

A binary digit, either 0 or 1

Front

Which of the following best defines a byte? A sequence of 8 bits, A single binary digit, either 0 or 1, A method of compressing data without loss, A unit of time complexity in algorithms

Back

A sequence of 8 bits

Front

Which of the following best describes a roundoff error? Options: An error that occurs when numeric values exceed the maximum representable by the allotted bits, causing wrap‑around, An error resulting from insufficient bits to represent a number with full precision, leading to approximate values, A mistake in the algorithm that causes unexpected behavior, An error that happens only during program execution, such as accessing invalid memory

Back

An error resulting from insufficient bits to represent a number with full precision, leading to approximate values

Front

Which of the following best describes analog data?

Options:
Data that is represented in discrete intervals of 0s and 1s

,
Data compressed without any loss of information

,
Values that change smoothly and continuously over time

,
Numeric data rounded to a fixed number of decimal places

Back

Values that change smoothly and continuously over time

Front

Which of the following best describes lossless data compression? Options: Compressing data by discarding some information to reduce file size, Compressing data in a way that preserves all original information and allows perfect reconstruction, A method of encrypting data for secure transmission, Compressing analog signals into discrete digital formats

Back

Compressing data in a way that preserves all original information and allows perfect reconstruction

Front

Which of the following best describes lossy data compression?

Options:
Compressing data without discarding any information, allowing full reconstruction

,
Compressing data by discarding some information, making perfect recovery impossible

,
Encrypting data for secure storage

,
Converting analog signals into digital form without any data loss

Back

Compressing data by discarding some information, making perfect recovery impossible