DNA Replication-Transcription-Translation-Practice Assessment

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

Front

What is transcription in the context of DNA?

Back

The process of converting a specific segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence as a template to assemble amino acids.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA delivers the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or set of proteins.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

Nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that assembles amino acids into proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.