Brain Stimulation Review

Front

What is a closed-loop system in the context of neurotechnology?

Back

A system that can both read and write to the brain.

Front

Can fMRI markers predict individual responses to tES interventions according to Ghobadi-Azbari et al. (2021)?

Back

True.

Front

What mechanism did Dockery et al. (2009) suggest cathodal tDCS altered Tower of London performance?

Back

As a 'noise reducer or filter' in the brain.

Front

As the attentional demand of a task increases, does the dichotomy of activity become more or less pronounced?

Back

Less pronounced.

Front

How does the coactivity of DLPFC and VMPFC influence cognitive processes according to Dr. Mike Shaw?

Back

Top-down manipulation of affective states.

Front

Define transcranial electrical stimulation (tES).

Back

A non-invasive brain stimulation technique that modulates neuronal activity using electrical currents.

Front

What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in cognitive functions?

Back

It is involved in decision making, problem solving, and regulating social behavior.

Front

Explain the concept of long-term potentiation (LTP).

Back

A long-lasting enhancement in signal transmission between two neurons that results from stimulating them simultaneously.

Front

What is the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?

Back

Excitatory neurotransmitters increase the likelihood of a neuron firing, while inhibitory neurotransmitters decrease that likelihood.

Front

What is the significance of GABA in the brain?

Back

GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, playing a crucial role in reducing neuronal excitability.