Protein Synthesis Practice Flashcard: Transcription and Translation

Front

Where does the process of transcription primarily occur in a eukaryotic cell?

Back

Nucleus

Front

What is the main purpose of transcription?

Back

To copy genetic information from DNA into mRNA.

Front

The enzyme responsible for synthesizing mRNA during transcription is:

Back

RNA polymerase

Front

In a eukaryotic cell, where does translation take place?

Back

Ribosomes

Front

What molecule carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA

Front

Genetic information carried by mRNA is read in sequence of three nucleotides called:

Back

Codons

Front

What is the function of the start codon (AUG) in translation?

Back

It signals where the translation process should begin.

Front

Besides signaling the start of translation, the codon AUG also codes for which amino acid?

Back

Methionine (Met)

Front

Which of the following is a stop codon that signals the termination of translation? Options: AUG, UGA, CCU, GGC

Back

UGA

Front

What happens when a ribosome encounters a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) during translation?

Back

It releases the completed polypeptide chain.