Biology Final Exam Review

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What are homologous structures?

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Homologous structures are body parts in different species that have similar bone structures due to shared ancestry, indicating evolutionary relationships.

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What type of chromosomal mutation involves the loss of a segment of DNA?

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Deletion is a type of chromosomal mutation where a segment of DNA is lost, potentially leading to genetic disorders.

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What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of daughter cells?

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The daughter cells created in Meiosis are non-identical, resulting in genetic diversity.

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Who is known for creating the theory of evolution?

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Charles Darwin is known for creating the theory of evolution, which explains the process of natural selection.

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What is incomplete dominance?

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Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation where one allele is not completely dominant over another, resulting in a blending of traits.

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What are vestigial structures?

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Vestigial structures are body parts that have lost their original function through evolution, such as the human appendix.

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What is codominance?

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Codominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

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What is the role of natural selection in evolution?

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Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is a transitional fossil?

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Transitional fossils are remains of organisms that show the intermediate states between an ancestral form and its descendants, providing evidence for evolution.

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What is the significance of genetic variation?

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Genetic variation is crucial for evolution as it provides the raw material for natural selection to act upon.