Biology Sem2 Final Exam Review

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is a variant of a gene that can express its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is a variant of a gene that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

Front

Define homozygous genotype.

Back

A homozygous genotype consists of two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as TT or tt.

Front

Define heterozygous genotype.

Back

A heterozygous genotype consists of two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Tt.

Front

What is the significance of Mendel's pea plant experiments?

Back

Mendel's experiments demonstrated the principles of inheritance, including dominant and recessive traits.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation where one allele does not completely dominate another, resulting in a blend of traits, such as pink flowers from red and white parents.

Front

What is codominance?

Back

Codominance is a genetic situation where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.

Front

What occurs during interphase?

Back

During interphase, the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis.

Front

What is the role of alleles in genetics?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that determine specific traits in an organism.