Research Methodology Concepts

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Inductive reasoning

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Reasoning from specific observations to develop general theories or patterns.

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Deductive reasoning

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Reasoning from general principles to reach specific conclusions.

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Research paradigm

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The underlying philosophical assumptions that guide a study, such as positivism or interpretivism.

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Positivist paradigm

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Believes in an objective reality, emphasizes quantifiable observations and statistical analysis.

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Interpretivist paradigm

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Focuses on understanding the subjective meaning of human experiences in context.

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Qualitative research

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Explores phenomena through non-numerical data like interviews, observations, and open-ended responses.

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Quantitative research

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Focuses on numerical data, measurement, and statistical analysis to test hypotheses.

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Mixed methods

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Combines both qualitative and quantitative research approaches in a single study.

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Sampling

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The process of selecting participants from a population to represent the whole.

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Purposive sampling

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Selecting participants based on specific characteristics or purpose relevant to the study.