Disease Storyline- DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

Nucleotides, which consist of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the double-stranded DNA, separating the two strands to allow replication.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is a leading strand in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

Front

What is a lagging strand in DNA replication?

Back

The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction of the replication fork.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication, which are later joined together by DNA ligase.

Front

What is the significance of RNA primers in DNA replication?

Back

RNA primers provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin synthesizing the new DNA strand.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and is double-stranded, while RNA contains ribose sugar and is usually single-stranded.

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G) in the DNA double helix.