Historical Terms and Concepts

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Mound

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Made of earth; used as tombs or for religious ceremonies

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Totem Pole

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Carved from wood, depicting legends and events

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Animism

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The belief that all objects have souls

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Spanish Armada

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Invasion fleet sent to destroy England

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Starving Time

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Winter of 1609-10 when Jamestown was devastated by famine

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Virginia House of Burgesses

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First representative government in America

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Astrolabe

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Instrument for sea exploration involving lining up stars and horizons

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Middle Passage

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The trip transporting slaves from Africa to the Americas

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Mayans

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Mesoamerican rainforest empire that built step pyramids and made a 365-day calendar

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Aztecs

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Mesoamerican empire built on the site of present-day Mexico City