IGCSE CS Keywords

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Binary

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A base-2 number system using digits 0 and 1, fundamental for computer data representation.

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Denary (Decimal)

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A base-10 number system using digits 0–9.

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Hexadecimal

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A base-16 number system using digits 0–9 and letters A–F, often used to represent binary data more compactly.

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Two’s Complement

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A method for representing signed integers in binary, where the leftmost bit indicates the sign (0 for positive, 1 for negative).

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ASCII

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An 8-bit character encoding standard representing text and control characters.

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Unicode

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A character encoding standard that allows for a greater range of characters and symbols than ASCII, including different languages and emojis.

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Sample Rate

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The number of samples of audio carried per second, measured in Hz or samples per second.

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Sample Resolution

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The number of bits used to represent each sample in audio recording.

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Resolution (Image)

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The number of pixels in an image, typically expressed as width × height.

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Colour Depth

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The number of bits used to represent the colour of a single pixel.