Unit 1 Review

Front

What is specific heat?

Back

Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C). It is a property that varies between different materials.

Front

How do you calculate the specific heat of a substance using calorimetry?

Back

Use the formula: \( q = m \cdot C_p \cdot \Delta T \), where \( q \) is the heat absorbed or released, \( m \) is the mass, \( C_p \) is the specific heat, and \( \Delta T \) is the change in temperature.

Front

What is scientific notation?

Back

Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form. It is written as \( a \times 10^n \), where \( 1 \leq a < 10 \) and \( n \) is an integer.

Front

How do you multiply numbers in scientific notation?

Back

Multiply the coefficients and add the exponents. For example, \( (2.0 \times 10^6)(3.0 \times 10^5) = 6.0 \times 10^{(6+5)} = 6.0 \times 10^{11} \).

Front

What are significant figures?

Back

Significant figures are the digits in a number that contribute to its precision. This includes all non-zero digits, any zeros between significant digits, and trailing zeros in the decimal portion.

Front

How do you round a number to two significant figures?

Back

Identify the first two non-zero digits and round the number based on the digit following the second significant figure.

Front

What is the formula for dividing numbers in scientific notation?

Back

Divide the coefficients and subtract the exponents. For example, \( \frac{6.00 \times 10^{-5}}{3.0 \times 10^5} = 2.0 \times 10^{-10} \).

Front

What is decanting?

Back

Decanting is a separation technique used to separate liquid from solid sediment or from another liquid by carefully pouring off the top layer.

Front

What is filtration?

Back

Filtration is a process that separates solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium that allows the fluid to pass but not the solid.

Front

What is distillation?

Back

Distillation is a separation technique that involves heating a liquid to create vapor and then cooling the vapor to create a liquid, effectively separating components based on different boiling points.