Transcription and Translation

Front

What is the main function of transcription?

Back

To synthesize RNA from a DNA template.

Front

What is the main function of translation?

Back

To synthesize proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is the structure that carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA).

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon AUG?

Back

It signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What base pairs with adenine during transcription?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What base pairs with guanine during transcription?

Back

Cytosine.

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is the end product of transcription?

Back

A single-stranded RNA molecule.