Key Historical and Political Concepts

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antisemitism

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Hostile beliefs or behavior toward Jews just because they are Jewish.

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appeasement

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The foreign policy of pacifying an aggrieved country through negotiation in order to prevent war.

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authoritarianism

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Characterized by a strong central government that allows people a limited degree of political freedom, but controls the political process and individual freedom without constitutional accountability.

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bourgeoisie

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The middle class, the social group between the rich and the poor.

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capitalism

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An economic system in which private individuals own businesses, and trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

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colonization

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The action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area.

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communism

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A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

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concentration camp

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A place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a small area with inadequate facilities, sometimes to provide forced labor or to await mass execution.

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constitutional monarchy

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A government in which a written constitution limits the power of the monarch.

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counter-Revolutionary

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Someone that opposes the goals of a revolution and actively works against it.