Flashcards- Ch 4 Organic Compounds

Front

What 6 elements are the most essential elements for living organisms?

Back

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur (these are found in organic molecules)

Front

Organic molecules must contain what elements?

Back

Our organic molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, & nucleic acids) contain Carbon bonded to at least 1 Hydrogen.

(CO₂ is NOT organic since it lacks hydrogen, even though it contains carbon)

Front

Carbon's tetravalence

Back

Carbon has 4 valence electrons so Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds.

Front

Functional groups in organic molecules.

Back

Organic molecules have functional groups that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfhydryl.

Front

Identify the functional group pictured

Back

Hydroxyl: ~OH

Front

Identify the functional group pictured

Back

Carboxyl: ~COOH

Front

Identify the functional group pictured

Back

Amino: ~NH₂

Front

Identify the functional group pictured

Back

Phosphate: ~PO₄⁻

Front

Identify the functional group pictured

Back

Sulfhydryl: ~SH

Front

Isomers

Back

Two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule, leading to different properties.