Exploring Motion and Waves Flashcard

Front

What is the formula for Newton's Second Law of Motion?

Back

Answer explanation

Newton's Second Law of Motion states that the force (F) acting on an object is equal to the mass (m) of the object multiplied by its acceleration (a). Thus, the correct formula is F = m · a.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.7A

Front

What is a characteristic of a transverse wave?

Back

Particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

Answer explanation

In a transverse wave, particles move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, creating crests and troughs. This distinguishes it from longitudinal waves, where particles move parallel to the wave direction.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.8A

Front

Which electromagnetic wave has the shortest wavelength?

Back

X-rays

Answer explanation

X-rays have the shortest wavelength among the given options. They are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, with wavelengths shorter than those of ultraviolet light, making them more energetic than radio waves, infrared waves, and microwaves.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.8A

Front

Which of Newton's laws explains why you move backward when you jump off a small boat onto a dock?

Back

Third Law

Answer explanation

Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When you jump off the boat, you push backward against it, causing the boat to move in the opposite direction, making you feel like you move backward.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.7B

Front

Application of electromagnetic waves: Fiber optics, Combustion engines, Hydraulic lifts, Pulley systems

Back

Fiber optics

Answer explanation

Fiber optics utilize electromagnetic waves, specifically light, to transmit data over long distances with high speed and efficiency. The other options do not involve electromagnetic waves in their primary functions.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.8B

Front

What is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI)?

Back

Newton

Answer explanation

The unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) is the Newton. It is defined as the force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass by one meter per second squared.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.7A

Front

What is amplitude in a wave?

Back

The distance from the rest position to the crest or trough.

Answer explanation

Amplitude refers to the distance from the rest position to the crest or trough of a wave. It measures the wave's height and energy, distinguishing it from other wave characteristics like frequency and speed.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.8A

Front

Which law of motion is demonstrated when a soccer ball remains at rest until it is kicked?

Back

First Law

Answer explanation

The First Law of Motion states that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an external force. In this case, the soccer ball remains at rest until it is kicked, demonstrating this principle.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.7B

Front

Which electromagnetic wave is commonly used for wireless communication?

Back

Radio waves

Answer explanation

Radio waves are commonly used for wireless communication due to their ability to travel long distances and penetrate through obstacles. Unlike gamma rays, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays, radio waves are safe and effective for transmitting signals.

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.8B

Front

Back

Answer explanation

To find acceleration, use Newton's second law: F = ma. Rearranging gives a = F/m. Here, F = 20 N and m = 4 kg. Thus, a = 20 N / 4 kg = 5 m/s². The correct answer is 5 m/s².

Tags

TEKS.SCI.8.7A