Neuron & Glial Cells

Front

What is the primary function of neurons?

Back

Neurons are specialized cells that transmit information throughout the body, constituting the communication network of the nervous system.

Front

What are the main structural components of a neuron?

Back

The main structural components of a neuron include the cell body (soma), dendrites, and axon.

Front

What are the three main types of neurons based on structure?

Back

The three main types of neurons based on structure are unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons.

Front

What are the functional classifications of neurons?

Back

Neurons can be classified functionally as sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.

Front

What role do glial cells play in the nervous system?

Back

Glial cells provide support and nutrition for neurons, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission.

Front

What is the significance of the axon hillock in a neuron?

Back

The axon hillock is the specialized region from which the axon extends and is crucial for initiating action potentials.

Front

What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

Back

Dendrites are tree-like structures that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body.

Front

What is the role of neurotransmitters at synapses?

Back

Neurotransmitters are released at synapses to transmit signals between neurons, either exciting or inhibiting the postsynaptic neuron.

Front

What is the difference between chemical and electrical synapses?

Back

Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters for signal transmission, while electrical synapses allow direct electrical coupling between neurons.

Front

What is myelination and why is it important?

Back

Myelination is the process of forming a myelin sheath around axons, which increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.