Classification of Matter

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What is the classification of matter?

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Matter can be classified into two main categories: pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances include elements and compounds, while mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

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What is a pure substance?

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A pure substance is a material that has a constant composition and consistent properties throughout. Examples include elements like oxygen and compounds like water.

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that retain their individual properties. Mixtures can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous.

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Define homogeneous mixture.

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A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout. Examples include saltwater and air.

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Define heterogeneous mixture.

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A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout. Examples include salad and rocky soil.

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What is a colloid?

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A colloid is a mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out over time. Examples include fog and milk.

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What is a suspension?

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A suspension is a mixture in which particles can be seen and will settle out over time. An example is muddy water.

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What is an acid?

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An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

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What is a base?

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A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

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What does pH measure?

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pH measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, with values ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), and 7 being neutral.