Meiosis Check In Flashcard

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What is meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four haploid cells from one diploid cell, essential for sexual reproduction.

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What is the main purpose of meiosis?

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The main purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes (sperm and eggs) for sexual reproduction, ensuring genetic diversity.

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What are gametes?

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Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm in males and eggs in females) that carry half the genetic information of an organism.

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What is crossing-over in meiosis?

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Crossing-over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis, leading to genetic variation.

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How does crossing-over contribute to genetic diversity?

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Crossing-over creates new combinations of alleles, increasing genetic variation among gametes.

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What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

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Haploid cells contain one set of chromosomes (n), while diploid cells contain two sets (2n). Meiosis produces haploid cells.

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What is cytokinesis?

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Cytokinesis is the process that divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis.

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How many rounds of division occur in meiosis?

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Meiosis consists of two rounds of division: meiosis I and meiosis II.

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What is independent assortment?

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Independent assortment is the random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes during meiosis, contributing to genetic diversity.

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What is the role of DNA replication in meiosis?

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DNA replication occurs before meiosis begins, ensuring that each chromosome is duplicated, resulting in sister chromatids.