BIO483 Final Exam Review with a Focus on Cumulative Questions

Front

Normal or High Anion Gap?

Back

Normal Anion Gap

Front

What acid-base imbalance does this patient have?

Back

Uncompensated metabolic acidosis

Front

What acid-base imbalance does this patient have?

Back

Compensated respiratory alkalosis

Front

Sarah, a 45-year-old woman, was admitted to the hospital with nausea, vomiting, and confusion. Laboratory investigations revealed hyponatremia and low serum osmolality, and further evaluation identified elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was established. What would Sarah's urine osmolarity be?

Back

High

Front

What would the serum sodium and potassium levels be in a patient with Conn's syndrome?

Back

Elevated sodium and decreased potassium levels

Front

Findings on postmortem biopsy of a brain with Alzheimer's disease?

Back

Presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles

Front

Sarah, a 2-month-old infant, was brought to the pediatric cardiology clinic with cyanosis, poor feeding, and failure to thrive. Clinical examination and echocardiography revealed a combination of ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. What is Sarah's diagnosis?

Back

Tetralogy of Fallot

Front

Jennifer, a 45-year-old woman, presented to the emergency department with left lower abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. Physical examination and imaging studies revealed localized inflammation and infection in the sigmoid colon. What is this patient's likely diagnosis?

Back

Diverticulitis

Front

Michael, a 55-year-old man and long-term smoker, sought medical attention for chronic cough, sputum production, and progressive dyspnea. Pulmonary function tests and chest X-rays revealed airway obstruction, increased mucus production, and bronchial wall thickening. What is this patient's diagnosis?

Back

Chronic bronchitis

Front

Alice, a 60-year-old woman with a long history of smoking, presented to the pulmonology clinic with complaints of progressive shortness of breath and chronic cough. Pulmonary function tests and imaging studies revealed significant airspace enlargement, destruction of alveolar walls, and reduced elastic recoil. What is Alice's diagnosis?

Back

Emphysema