Unit 4: Earth Systems and Resources

Front

Climate

Back

Average weather that occurs in a region over a long period.

Front

Layers of Atmosphere

Back

Different levels of gases surrounding Earth, including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Front

Troposphere

Back

Densest layer of atmosphere where weather occurs. Contains most N2, O2, and H2O vapor.

Front

Stratosphere

Back

Less dense layer where ozone forms and blocks UV radiation.

Front

Albedo

Back

Percentage of incoming sunlight that is reflected from a surface.

Front

Hadley Cell

Back

Convection currents that cycle between the equator and 30° N/S.

Front

Polar Cells

Back

Air circulation cells located above 60° N and S.

Front

Upwelling

Back

Upward movement of deep, nutrient-rich water to the ocean surface.

Front

Thermohaline Circulation

Back

Mixing of surface and deeper water; distributes heat and nutrients.

Front

El Niño-Southern Oscillation

Back

Periodic changes in winds and ocean currents.