6 Material Properties Flashcards

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Tensile Strength

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The maximum pulling or tensile stress a material can withstand before failure. Measured in Newtons per square meter (N/m²) or Pascals (Pa), typically expressed in MPa.

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Young's Modulus

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A measure of a material's stiffness, defining how much it will stretch or compress under stress. High values mean less deformation. Measured in GPa (gigapascals).

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Hardness

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The resistance of a material to surface indentation, wear, or scratching. Measured using scales like Brinell (HB), Rockwell, and Vickers.

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Density

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The mass of a material per unit volume, affecting weight and buoyancy. Measured in kg/m³ (kilograms per cubic meter).

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Melting Point

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The temperature at which a solid material becomes a liquid. Critical for high-temperature applications. Measured in degreesC (degrees Celsius).

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The ability of a material to stretch without breaking under tensile stress.

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Expressed as a percentage of elongation.

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Compressive Strength

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The capacity of a material to resist crushing or pushing forces. Measured in MPa.

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Fracture Toughness

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Importance of Fatigue Strength

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Crucial for parts subject to repeated loading.

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Applications of Fracture Toughness

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Important where cracks or defects might occur.