Thermal Energy

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Thermal Energy Noun

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[thur-muhl en-er-jee]

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Thermal Energy

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The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles that make up an object, also known as internal energy.

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Example: The image shows particles moving from a hot area to a cold area, demonstrating thermal energy transfer.

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Kinetic Energy Noun

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[ki-net-ik en-er-jee]

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Kinetic Energy

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The energy an object possesses due to the motion of its particles or the object's overall movement.

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Example: Newton's cradle shows kinetic energy as moving balls transfer energy to each other.

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Potential Energy Noun

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[po-ten-shuhl en-er-jee]

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Potential Energy

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The stored energy that particles have based on their specific arrangement, position, or chemical bonds within a substance.

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Example: A boulder at the top of a hill has potential energy due to its position.

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Joule Noun

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[jool]

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Joule

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The standard international unit (SI) used for measuring all forms of energy, including thermal energy and heat.

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Example: Heat energy moves from hot to cold areas, showing thermal energy transfer.

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Heat Noun

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[heet]

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Heat

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The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object or system to a cooler one due to temperature differences.

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Example: Heat flows from the hot red block to the cold blue block, showing thermal energy transfer.

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Temperature Noun

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[tem-per-uh-cher]

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Temperature

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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles that make up a substance or object.

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Example: Particles in warmer areas move faster, showing higher kinetic energy, compared to cooler areas.

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Thermometer Noun

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[ther-mom-i-ter]

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Thermometer

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A scientific instrument designed to accurately measure and display the temperature of a substance or environment.

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Example: A digital thermometer displays the temperature of an environment, showing how it measures thermal energy.

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Absolute Zero Noun

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[ab-so-loot zee-roh]

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Absolute Zero

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The theoretical lowest possible temperature at which particles would have no kinetic energy and cease all motion.

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Example: Particles move less as temperature decreases, stopping completely at absolute zero.

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Kelvin Scale Noun

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[kel-vin skayl]

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Kelvin Scale

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The SI temperature scale where zero represents absolute zero, and the size of one unit is the same as one degree Celsius.

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Example: The image shows how different temperatures in Kelvin relate to everyday environments like daylight and sunsets.

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Change of State Noun

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[cheynj uv steyt]

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Change of State

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A physical transformation of matter from one state, such as solid, liquid, or gas, to another state.

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Example: The image shows how matter changes state, like ice melting into water, using clear labels and arrows.