Obtaining Energy and Removing Waste

Front

Calorie Noun

---

[KAL-uh-ree]

Back

Calorie

---

A unit of energy from food, defined as the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C.

---

Example: A nutrition label shows calories, helping students understand energy content in food.

Front

Nutrients Noun

---

[NOO-tree-ents]

Back

Nutrients

---

The parts of food used by the body to grow and survive.

---

Example: The image shows a nutrient pyramid with labeled sections for proteins, fats, and fibers, illustrating how different foods provide essential nutrients for growth and survival.

Front

Digestion Noun

---

[dy-JES-chun]

Back

Digestion

---

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that the body can absorb and use.

---

Example: The image shows how food is broken down and absorbed in the digestive system.

Front

Mechanical digestion Noun

---

[muh-KAN-i-kuhl dy-JES-chun]

Back

Mechanical digestion

---

The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces, such as by chewing, mashing, and grinding.

---

Example: Chewing breaks down food into smaller pieces using teeth and tongue.

Front

Chemical digestion Noun

---

[KEM-i-kuhl dy-JES-chun]

Back

Chemical digestion

---

The breakdown of food into small molecules through chemical reactions.

---

Example: The image shows how the liver, gall bladder, stomach, and pancreas contribute to chemical digestion by producing bile and enzymes.

Front

Esophagus Noun

---

[ih-SAH-fuh-gus]

Back

Esophagus

---

A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

---

Example: The esophagus is shown as a tube connecting the mouth to the stomach, labeled clearly for easy understanding.

Front

Peristalsis Noun

---

[per-uh-STAHL-sus]

Back

Peristalsis

---

The waves of muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract.

---

Example: The image shows how muscle contractions move food through the esophagus.

Front

Stomach Noun

---

[STUM-uk]

Back

Stomach

---

A large, hollow organ that temporarily stores food and aids in chemical digestion.

---

Example: The image shows the stomach's location and connection to the esophagus and small intestine, illustrating its role in digestion.

Front

Gastric juice Noun

---

[GAS-trik joos]

Back

Gastric juice

---

An acidic fluid in the stomach that helps break down the structures holding cells together in food.

---

Example: The image shows how gastric glands in the stomach produce gastric juice, aiding digestion.

Front

Small intestine Noun

---

[smawl in-TES-tin]

Back

Small intestine

---

A long tube connected to the stomach where most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs.

---

Example: The image shows the small intestine's parts and location, helping explain its role in digestion and nutrient absorption.