MS-PS4-2: Wave Nature and Interaction

Front

Vibration Noun

---

[vy-bray-shun]

Back

Vibration

---

A repeating back-and-forth or up-and-down pattern of motion that is the source of all sound energy.

---

Example: Sound waves are shown as vibrations in air molecules, illustrating how sound energy is produced.

Front

Sound Wave Noun

---

[sound wayv]

Back

Sound Wave

---

An energy pulse created by a vibrating source that travels through a substance, or medium, such as air.

---

Example: The image shows a sound wave with labeled compressions and rarefactions, demonstrating how sound travels through air.

Front

Medium Noun

---

[mee-dee-um]

Back

Medium

---

A substance, such as a solid, liquid, or gas, through which a wave can travel and transfer energy.

---

Example: Sound waves travel through air, showing how a medium allows energy transfer.

Front

Mechanical Wave Noun

---

[muh-kan-i-kuhl wayv]

Back

Mechanical Wave

---

A type of wave, such as a sound wave, that requires a medium in order to transfer its energy.

---

Example: This diagram shows a mechanical wave, like a water wave, labeling its highest point (crest), lowest point (trough), and its length (wavelength).

Front

Compression Wave Noun

---

[kuhm-presh-un wayv]

Back

Compression Wave

---

A wave where medium particles move back and forth in the same direction the wave travels, also called a longitudinal wave.

---

Example: A spring being compressed and released shows how particles move in a compression wave.

Front

Amplitude Noun

---

[am-pli-tood]

Back

Amplitude

---

The property of a wave that indicates its intensity or energy, which corresponds to the volume of a sound.

---

Example: The image shows amplitude as the height of a wave from the center line, illustrating wave intensity.

Front

Wavelength Noun

---

[wayv-length]

Back

Wavelength

---

The distance between two identical points on consecutive waves, which is related to the pitch of a sound.

---

Example: The image shows wavelength as the distance between two crests on a wave.

Front

Frequency Noun

---

[free-kwen-see]

Back

Frequency

---

A property describing how many waves pass a point in a given time, which determines the pitch of a sound.

---

Example: A wave with low frequency shows fewer waves passing a point, explaining frequency.

Front

Pitch Noun

---

[pich]

Back

Pitch

---

The perceived highness or lowness of a sound, which is directly determined by the sound wave's frequency.

---

Example: Sound waves show how air molecules compress and rarefy, illustrating pitch through wave frequency.

Front

Vacuum Noun

---

[vak-yoom]

Back

Vacuum

---

A space that is completely empty of all matter, and through which mechanical waves like sound cannot travel.

---

Example: Outer space is the most common example of a near-vacuum, a place with almost no matter.

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