Africa Week 7

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Chemical digestion

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Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use.

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Mechanical digestion

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Part of digestion that uses movement and muscles to break down food.

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Amino acids

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Building blocks of proteins.

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Peptide bond

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The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid.

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Elements in protein

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Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.

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Atom

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Basic unit of matter.

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Nitrogen cycle

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The transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere.

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Ammonia

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A small, very toxic molecule (NH3) produced by nitrogen fixation or as a metabolic waste product of protein and nucleic acid metabolism.

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Nitrates

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Nitrogen compounds used for growth by plants and algae.

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Nitrites

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Can be converted to nitrates by bacteria and used by plants but in large quantities can be harmful to the environment.