Abdomen Final Exam Study Guide

Front

What is the most common variant of the gallbladder?

Back

Junctional fold (Hartmann's pouch) - body and infundibulum.

Front

Describe a pancreatic phlegmon.

Back

An inflammatory process that spreads along fascial pathways.

Front

Where is the appendix usually found on the body?

Back

Right lower quadrant/right iliac - Abdominal wall under McBurney’s point - between umbilicus and anterior iliac crest.

Front

What are the valves of Heister and where would you find them?

Back

Found within cystic duct; Keep duct from kinking.

Front

What is the ultrasound appearance of fatty infiltration?

Back

Hepatomegaly, increased echogenicity, granular texture, obscurity of portal veins, paucity of hepatic vessels, liver/kidney echo brightness disparity, and difficulty in penetration.

Front

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Back

Stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.

Front

What is the significance of McBurney's point?

Back

It is the location where the appendix is typically found and is used for diagnosing appendicitis.

Front

What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

Back

Produces digestive enzymes and hormones such as insulin.

Front

What is the common bile duct's function?

Back

Transports bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum.

Front

What is the difference between a cyst and a phlegmon?

Back

A cyst is a fluid-filled sac, while a phlegmon is an inflammatory mass.