Explaining Variation in Running Ability

Front

Pasteurization Noun

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[pas-chur-uh-zey-shuhn]

Back

Pasteurization

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A process of treating a substance with heat to a specific temperature to destroy harmful bacteria.

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Example: Heating milk kills bacteria, making it safe to drink.

Front

System Noun

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[sis-tuhm]

Back

System

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A collection of interacting parts or molecules that are studied together as a single, whole unit.

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Example: A bicycle is a system where parts like wheels, chain, and pedals work together to enable movement.

Front

Molecule Noun

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[mol-i-kyool]

Back

Molecule

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The smallest particle of a substance, made of one or more atoms, that has the properties of that substance.

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Example: The image shows a molecule made of three atoms, illustrating how atoms combine to form the smallest particle of a substance.

Front

Collision Noun

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[kuh-lizh-uhn]

Back

Collision

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An event where two or more particles or bodies come into forceful contact, often resulting in an energy exchange.

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Example: Two balls colliding with arrows showing the direction of force.

Front

Temperature Noun

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[tem-per-uh-cher]

Back

Temperature

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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up a substance or system.

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Example: Heating causes molecules to spread out, showing temperature's effect on kinetic energy.

Front

Kinetic Energy Noun

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[ki-net-ik en-er-jee]

Back

Kinetic Energy

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The form of energy that an object or a particle possesses as a result of its motion.

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Example: A roller coaster moving down a track shows kinetic energy as it speeds up.

Front

Thermal Energy Noun

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[thur-muhl en-er-jee]

Back

Thermal Energy

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The total kinetic energy of all the moving molecules that make up a substance or system.

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Example: Molecules in a hot area move to a cooler area, showing thermal energy transfer.

Front

Transfer Noun

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[trans-fur]

Back

Transfer

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The movement of energy from one object, particle, or region to another, such as from hot to cold.

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Example: Heat flows from a hot object to a cold one, showing energy transfer.

Front

Equilibrium Noun

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[ee-kwuh-lib-ree-uhm]

Back

Equilibrium

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A state in which a system is balanced and there is no net change, such as when temperature is uniform.

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Example: A balanced scale shows equilibrium, where both sides are equal, like a system with no net change.

Front

Stability Noun

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[stuh-bil-i-tee]

Back

Stability

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The state of a system when it resists change and remains in a relatively constant, balanced condition.

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Example: A balanced scale shows stability by staying level, resisting change.