Bivariate Data and Statistical Concepts

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Bivariate data

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Data that measures two characteristics of a population.

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Scatter plot

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A graph in the coordinate plane representing a set of bivariate numerical data used to observe the relationship between two variables.

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Line of fit

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A line drawn on a scatter plot to estimate the relationship between two sets of data; also known as a trend line.

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Line of best fit

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A trend line that most closely models the data on a scatter plot.

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Association

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A way to describe the form (linear or nonlinear), direction (positive or negative), or strength (strong or weak) of the relationship between the two variables in a bivariate data set.

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Correlation coefficient (r)

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Value that measures the strength and direction of the linear association between the variables in a set of bivariate numerical data.

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Extrapolation

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Occurs when a model is used to make predictions for x-values that fall outside of a given data set.

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Interpolation

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Occurs when a model is used to make predictions for x-values that fall within a given data set.

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Correlation coefficient | 0.1 < r < 0.3 |

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Represents a weak association.

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Correlation coefficient | 0.4 < r < 0.6 |

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Represents a moderate association.