Unit 1 Flashcard Review

Front

What is Exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell forms a vesicle around unwanted particles and expels it out of the cell.

Front

What is Active Transport?

Back

Active transport is a means of particle transport that requires an input of energy from the cell to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What happens to plant cells in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, plant cells lose water, leading to plasmolysis, where the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall.

Front

Which organelles are believed to have originated from symbiotic relationships?

Back

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are believed to have originated from symbiotic relationships between primitive eukaryotes and certain prokaryotes.

Front

What occurs to red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?

Back

Red blood cells release water through osmosis to reach equilibrium with the surrounding hypertonic solution.

Front

Define Osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from high to low concentration, while facilitated diffusion requires specific transport proteins to help move substances across the membrane.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to enter the cell.

Front

Explain the role of mitochondria in cells.

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they generate ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.