Experimental Design & Variables

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What is an independent variable?

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The variable that is changed or controlled in an experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

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What is a dependent variable?

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The variable that is measured or tested in an experiment, which is affected by the independent variable.

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What are controlled variables?

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Variables that are kept constant throughout an experiment to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable.

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What is experimental design?

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A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question, often referred to as the scientific method.

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How does mass affect the distance a ball rolls off a ramp?

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In an experiment, the mass of the ball is the independent variable, and the distance it rolls is the dependent variable.

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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To provide a standard for comparison against the experimental group, helping to isolate the effects of the independent variable.

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What is a hypothesis?

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A testable prediction about the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

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Why is it important to repeat experiments?

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To ensure that results are consistent and reliable, reducing the impact of random errors.

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

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Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities, while quantitative data involves numerical measurements.

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What is a variable in an experiment?

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Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types.