US HISTORY II-CHAPTER 1 REVIEW-INDUSTRIALIZATION

Front

Who invented the telephone in 1876?

Back

Alexander Graham Bell

Answer explanation

The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876, making him the correct answer. Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, and Samuel Morse were notable inventors but did not invent the telephone.

Front

What was the main purpose of the transcontinental railroad?

Back

To connect the East and West coasts of the United States

Answer explanation

The main purpose of the transcontinental railroad was to connect the East and West coasts of the United States, facilitating trade, travel, and communication across the country.

Front

Which industry was Andrew Carnegie most associated with?

Back

Steel

Answer explanation

Andrew Carnegie was most associated with the steel industry, where he played a pivotal role in its expansion during the late 19th century, making him one of the wealthiest individuals of his time.

Front

What is a monopoly?

Back

Complete control of a product or service by one company

Answer explanation

A monopoly occurs when a single company has complete control over a product or service, eliminating competition. This allows the company to set prices and dictate market conditions, making it distinct from labor unions, government agencies, or specific industries.

Front

What is laissez faire economics?

Back

Minimal government interference in business

Answer explanation

Laissez faire economics advocates for minimal government interference in business, allowing free market forces to operate without regulation. This distinguishes it from options like government regulation or ownership.

Front

Which act was passed in 1890 to prevent anti-competitive practices?

Back

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer explanation

The Sherman Antitrust Act, passed in 1890, was designed to combat anti-competitive practices and monopolies, making it the correct answer. The other acts listed focus on different issues.

Front

What was the main goal of labor unions in the late 1800s?

Back

To improve working conditions and wages

Answer explanation

The main goal of labor unions in the late 1800s was to improve working conditions and wages for workers, as they faced long hours, unsafe environments, and low pay. This focus on labor rights was crucial during that period.

Front

Which of the following best describes vertical integration? Options: Buying out competitors, Controlling all aspects of production from raw materials to finished product, Forming a labor union, Selling shares of stock

Back

Controlling all aspects of production from raw materials to finished product

Answer explanation

Vertical integration refers to controlling all aspects of production, from raw materials to the finished product. This strategy allows a company to streamline operations and reduce costs, unlike buying competitors or forming unions.

Front

Who was known as the "Commodore" and made his fortune in railroads?

Back

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Answer explanation

Cornelius Vanderbilt was known as the "Commodore" due to his success in the shipping and railroad industries, making him a key figure in the development of America's transportation infrastructure.

Front

Who was Mary Harris "Mother" Jones?

Back

A labor leader and activist who fought for workers' rights

Answer explanation

Mary Harris "Mother" Jones was a prominent labor leader and activist known for her efforts in advocating for workers' rights, particularly in the early 20th century, making her a key figure in the labor movement.