Chronic Illness/End of Life Care

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Prevalence of chronic illness in the U.S. in 2018

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An estimated 129 million people were living with at least one chronic illness.

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Proportion of adults with multiple chronic conditions

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One of four adults had two or more chronic health conditions.

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Impact of increasing chronic illnesses on costs

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As the incidence of chronic illnesses increases, costs for hospital care, equipment, medications, and supportive services also increase.

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Annual expenditures for chronic illness care

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Expenditures for health care for people with chronic illnesses exceed billions of dollars every year.

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Trend in prevalence of chronic illnesses

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Prevalence is increasing for several reasons.

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Characteristics of chronic illnesses

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- Involve more than managing medical problems - Usually involve many different phases - Require persistent adherence to therapeutic regimens - Can lead to the development of other chronic illnesses - Mean living with uncertainty - The Trajectory Model describes discrete phases in an individual's experience with chronic illness

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Chronic Diseases in America

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- 6 in 10 adults in the US have a chronic disease - 4 in 10 adults in the US have two or more - Leading causes of death and disability - Major contributors to healthcare costs

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Phases of chronic illnesses

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Chronic illnesses can pass through different phases that may be too uncertain to predict with any degree of accuracy.

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Course of an illness

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The course of an illness can be thought of as a trajectory that can be managed or shaped over time, to some extent, through proper illness management strategies.

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Phases occurrence in patients

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Not all phases occur in all patients; some phases do not occur at all, and some phases may recur.