Scientific Research and Data Flashcards

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Scientific Method

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A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.

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Controlled Experiment

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A test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same.

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Control group

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In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.

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Experimental group

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The group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested.

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Independent variable

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The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

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Dependent variable

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The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

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Data

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Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.

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Quantitative data

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Numerical data.

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Discrete variable

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A quantitative variable that has either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of possible values.

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Continuous variable

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A quantitative variable that has an infinite number of possible values.