Psychology Concepts

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Nature vs nurture

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A debate concerning the contributions of genetic inheritance (nature) and environmental experiences (nurture) in determining physical and behavioral traits.

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Psychosocial development

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A theory by Erik Erikson describing eight stages of development across a person's lifespan, each with a unique crisis for healthy personality development.

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Accommodation

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A cognitive process where an individual modifies existing cognitive schemas to incorporate new information or experiences, as described by Jean Piaget.

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Egocentrism

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The inability to see a situation from another person's point of view, characteristic of young children in Piaget's preoperational stage.

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Holophrase

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A single word used by an infant or toddler to express a complete, meaningful thought.

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Adolescence

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The developmental period of transition from childhood to adulthood, typically ranging from ages 10 to 19, involving significant physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes.

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Abstract thinking

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The ability to think about concepts, principles, and ideas not tied to concrete reality, emerging during Piaget's formal operational stage.

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Menopause

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The natural end of a woman's menstrual cycles and fertility, confirmed after 12 consecutive months without a period.

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Attachment styles

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A psychological model describing how individuals relate to others in close relationships, including secure, anxious, and avoidant attachment.

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Zygote

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The single cell formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, containing all genetic information necessary to develop into a new individual.