Scientific Experiment Vocabulary

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Constants

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All factors in an experiment that must remain the same; only the independent variable is changed.

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Control

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The group/sample in an experiment that is not changed; represents the normal group; normal pattern of response.

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Hypothesis

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A possible explanation for observations that relate to a scientific question; testable idea that leads to an experiment.

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Independent variable

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Factor in an experiment that is changed on purpose by the scientist; the 'If' part of the hypothesis.

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Dependent variable

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Factor in an experiment that responds to or depends on the independent variable; the result, data, or outcome.

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Data

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Results that are gathered DURING an experiment - Can be qualitative or quantitative- organized into tables, graphs, diagrams.

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Making Models

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Process of creating a picture, computer image, 3D version of a complicated object or process (ex: map, globe, model of plant cell).

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Measuring

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Process of making an exact observation by comparing an item to a standard (ruler) or non-standard (arm length) unit to determine length, mass, etc.

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Procedure

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Steps or instructions to follow in order to do an experiment.

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Qualitative

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Observations using senses to observe qualities, properties, or attributes of an object or material; what an item/material looks like.