Western and Eastern Concepts of Self

Front

What is the primary difference between Western and Eastern concepts of self?

Back

Western thought views the self as autonomous, unitary, and stable, while Eastern thought emphasizes relational aspects and interconnectedness with others and nature.

Front

What are the four aspects of the Western conceptualization of self?

Back

1. Analytic: Sees reality as an aggregate of parts. 2. Monotheistic: Tends toward unitary explanations. 3. Individualistic: Values self-expression and self-actualization. 4. Materialistic and Rationalistic: Focuses on material things and empirical approaches.

Front

What are the four great systems of Eastern thought that shape the concept of self?

Back

1. Hinduism 2. Buddhism 3. Confucianism 4. Taoism

Front

According to Hinduism, what is the true self?

Back

The true self is permanent and unchanging, while the non-true self is impermanent and continually changes.

Front

What are the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism?

Back

1. Life is suffering. 2. Suffering is caused by attachment to desires. 3. Suffering can be eliminated. 4. Elimination of suffering is through the practice of the Eightfold Path.

Front

How does Confucianism define the self?

Back

The self is seen as a 'relational self' that is dependent on social relationships and follows social requirements rather than individual desires.

Front

What is the ideal self according to Confucianism?

Back

The ideal self is achieved through harmonization of communication with others and self-cultivation.

Front

What does Taoism emphasize about the self?

Back

Taoism views the self as an extension of the cosmos, advocating for selflessness and harmony with nature.

Front

What is the significance of the law of karma in Hinduism?

Back

The law of karma states that individual actions lead to good or bad outcomes, influencing one's future lives through reincarnation.

Front

What is the main goal of the Eastern systems of thought regarding selfhood?

Back

To teach individuals how to become a perfect person.