A complex molecular machine found within all living cells that performs biological protein synthesis (translation).

A membrane-bound organelle which is present in all plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal, and bacterial cells.

A green pigment responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis.

A long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism, typically linear in eukaryotes.

A small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.

A biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment.

The size of a cell, which can vary greatly among different organisms and cell types.

The state or quality of being intricate or complicated, often referring to the structure and function of cells.

An organism composed of multiple cells, which can have specialized functions.

The cells that result from the division of a single parent cell.

The original cell that divides to produce daughter cells.

A cell that has a specific role to perform in the body.

The specific processes and activities that occur within a cell to maintain life.

A selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell, providing protection and structure.

A rigid layer that provides support and protection to the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs.

Hair-like structures that extend from the surface of many animal cells, involved in movement and sensing the environment.

The material within a cell, excluding the nucleus, containing organelles and the cytosol.

A network of fibers that provides support, shape, and movement to cells.

Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth/rough)

An organelle involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids, with rough ER having ribosomes on its surface.

Small membrane-bound sacs that transport and store substances within a cell.

Long, whip-like structures that aid in cell movement.

An organelle involved in the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins for secretion.

Another term for the plasma membrane, the boundary that separates the cell from its environment.

A property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through while blocking others.

An instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.

The ability of a cell or organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

A type of lipid molecule that is a major component of the cell membrane.

Selective permeability

The ability of a membrane to allow some substances to pass through while preventing others.

The arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex.

The special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part.

A multicellular eukaryotic organism that is part of the kingdom Animalia.

A kingdom of usually multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophs and have cell walls made of chitin.

A diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms, which are not animals, plants, or fungi.

Unit 2: Structure and Function of Cells Vocab Flashcards

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42 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Cell

Back

The basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Prokaryote

Back

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Eukaryote

Back

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Nucleus

Back

A membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's chromosomes.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Organelle

Back

A specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Lysosome

Back

An organelle containing digestive enzymes, responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Mitochondria

Back

Organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell, generating most of the cell's supply of ATP.

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