WH1 Medieval Europe & the Renaissance

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Foundations of Early Medieval Society

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Built upon the classical heritage of Rome, Christian beliefs, and the customs of Germanic tribes.

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Germanic Kingdoms

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Emerged in Europe after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. Examples include the Angles and Saxons in England, and the Franks in present-day France and Germany.

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Vikings

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Invaders from Scandinavia (9th and 10th centuries) who disrupted the social, economic, and political order of Europe. They were nomadic, led by chieftains, and initially polytheistic but gradually converted to Christianity.

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Angles and Saxons

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Migrated to England in the fifth century, gradually converting to Christianity and adopting literacy.

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Magyars

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Migrated to central Europe in the tenth century, forming tribal units. They gradually converted to Christianity and adopted literacy.

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Frankish Kingdom

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Emerged as a powerful force in Western Europe, converting to Christianity around 500 A.D.

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A Frankish king crowned emperor by the Pope in 800 A.D., symbolizing the alliance between Frankish kings and the Church.

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Charlemagne

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Central to the spread of Christianity in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. They served as hospitals, schools, hotels, and social centers.

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Monasteries

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Christian Church Hierarchy (Early)

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Included religious leaders with varying authority such as the pope, bishops, and priests.

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A system of protection and social organization that emerged in Western Europe between the 5th and 10th centuries, characterized by a hierarchical social structure based on land ownership.

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Feudalism