Cell Bio Exam 1 Review

Front

What is a mutation in the context of proteins?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to alterations in the amino acid sequence of a protein, potentially affecting its function.

Front

What is the role of transport proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Transport proteins facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane, maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Front

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

Back

Hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of DNA together, allowing for the double helix structure.

Front

What is the RNA world hypothesis?

Back

The RNA world hypothesis suggests that early life forms may have relied on RNA for both genetic information and catalysis before the evolution of DNA and proteins.

Front

What are defensive proteins?

Back

Defensive proteins, such as antibodies, play a crucial role in the immune response by identifying and neutralizing pathogens.

Front

What happens to a cell membrane when hydrophobic interactions are disrupted?

Back

Disruption of hydrophobic interactions can lead to a loss of membrane integrity, making it leaky and allowing substances to pass through uncontrollably.

Front

What is the primary function of enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to accelerate chemical reactions in biological processes.

Front

What are structural proteins?

Back

Structural proteins provide support and shape to cells and tissues, examples include collagen and keratin.

Front

What is the difference between ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds are formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms, while hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.

Front

What is the significance of selective permeability in cell membranes?

Back

Selective permeability allows the cell to control the movement of substances in and out, maintaining homeostasis.