European Exploration and Its Impact

Front

Advances in technology, ship design, and navigation tools

Back

Paved the way for European exploration.

Front

Europeans' goals in exploring the Americas

Back

In search of gold, glory, and to spread Christianity.

Front

The Columbian Exchange

Back

Worldwide transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and ideas between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

Front

Negative impact of European exploration in the Americas

Back

Spread of diseases like smallpox, devastating Indigenous populations.

Front

Positive contribution from Europeans to the Americas

Back

Introduction of new crops/animals such as horses, wheat, and sugarcane.

Front

Martin Luther's 95 Theses

Back

Criticized the sale of indulgences and called for reforms.

Front

Result of the Reformation

Back

Christianity divided into Catholicism and various Protestant faiths.

Front

The Catholic Church's response to the Reformation

Back

Counter Reformation, which reaffirmed church teachings and reformed corrupt practices.

Front

Beliefs of Enlightenment thinkers

Back

Power of reason and science to improve society.

Front

Scientific discoveries by Galileo and Newton

Back

Showed how reason and observation could explain natural laws.