Diabetes and Wound Care Flashcards

Front

What is diabetes mellitus?

Back

A chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.

Front

What are the “3 P’s” of diabetes?

Back

Polyuria (excess urination), polydipsia (excess thirst), polyphagia (excess hunger)

Front

What is the normal fasting blood glucose range?

Back

70‑99 mg/dL

Front

What lab indicates long-term glucose control (over ~3 months)?

Back

Hemoglobin A1c

Front

What is the target A1c for many nonpregnant diabetic patients?

Back

Less than 7%

Front

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?

Back

Type 1 = autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. Type 2 = insulin resistance and/or decreased insulin secretion.

Front

What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Back

A life-threatening complication mostly in Type 1 diabetes, with hyperglycemia, ketones, acidosis, dehydration.

Front

What are some signs of hypoglycemia?

Back

Sweating, shakiness, confusion, tachycardia, irritability, hunger.

Front

What are some signs of hyperglycemia?

Back

Increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, weight loss.

Front

What are microvascular complications of diabetes?

Back

Retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy.