Socialization Concepts

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Significant others

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People such as parents who have a special importance for socialization

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Socialization

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The adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture

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Primary socialization

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A child first experiences family values, language, beliefs, behaviors, and norms

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Secondary socialization

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The process through which one is socialized outside of the home within society at large, often starting with daycare, preschool, or school

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Agents of socialization

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Social institutions, including families and schools, that help shape individuals' norms, beliefs, and values

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Anticipatory Socialization

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The process of learning in advance an anticipation of future role or status

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Hegemony

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The dominance or leadership of a social group or nation over others

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Instinct specific

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Inborn behavior patterns characteristic of an entire species; thought to account for until the 1920s, such as salmon swimming upstream to spawn or spiders spinning webs

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Nature vs Nurture

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A controversy debating whether genetics or environment is responsible for driving behavior

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Pygmalion effect

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The phenomenon where higher expectations lead to an increase in performance.