Chapter 3 key terms

Front

Great Chinese admiral who commanded a huge fleet in the Indian Ocean voyages beginning in 1405, intended to enroll distant peoples in the Chinese tribute system.

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Zheng He

Front

A powerful state in the southern African interior that emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast; flourished between 1250 and 1350CE.

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Great Zimbabwe

Front

A major process of settlement and societal organization in Chaco canyon, northwestern New Mexico, notable for large pueblos and roads, occurring between 860-1130CE.

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Chaco Phenomenon

Front

The largest religious structure in the premodern world, built by the Angkor kingdom in the twelfth century CE to express a Hindu understanding of the cosmos. Later used by Buddhists.

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Angkor Wat

Front

A Malay kingdom that dominated the critical choke point in Indian Ocean trade at the Straits of Malacca between 670 and 1025CE.

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Srivijaya

Front

Introduced to North Africa and the Sahara, enabling trans-Saharan commerce by 300 to 400CE.

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Arabian camel

Front

A series of important states from the Atlantic coast to Lake Chad, developed in response to trans-Saharan trade, including Ghana, Mali, Songhay, and Kanem.

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West African civilization

Front

Routes of the trans-Saharan trade, linking interior West Africa to the Mediterranean and North African world.

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Sand Roads

Front

An East African civilization that emerged in the eighth century CE as commercial city-states linked into the Indian Ocean trading network, combining African Bantu and Islamic cultural patterns.

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Swahili Civilization

Front

A network of trade linking parts of the pre-Columbian Americas, providing exchange for luxury goods and ideas over large areas.

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American web