Pre Columbian Empires to Colonies

A study of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations-

• relied on mechanized agricultural techniques
• carried on extensive trade in crops with eachother
• relied on a single-crop economy
• adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques

One reason Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztecs was that-

• Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence
• Spain joined the Incas in their fight against the Aztecs
• The Spanish cavalry outnumbered the Aztec warriors
• Spanish soldiers possessed superior military technology

What does this drawing illustrate about pre-Columbian Inca civilization?

• the religious influence on architecture
• cooperation and planning in agriculture
• the use of superior military technology for defense
• the role of government during a natural disaster

What was one important effect of the Columbian Exchange?

• rapid decline in European population
• economic instability in China and Japan
• spread of Hinduism into India
• introduction of new foods to both Europe and the Americas

The Aztec calendar and the Maya use of zero both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas-

• traded extensively with Africa
• made advances in mathematics and science
• declined because of invasion and disease
• converted to Islam

These two structures indicate that ancient pre-Columbian civilizations-

• were based on European societies
• had the engineering skill to build complex structures
• incorporated early Roman architectural design
• were strongly influenced by Renaissance humanism

Which of the following best describes the Inca agricultural system? 

• pepper and rice farms that were far away from farmers’ huts
• small but highly complex farms that grew vanilla and sugarcane 
• high altitude, terraced farms with precise irrigation systems
•  urban farms managed by women and children of noble birth 

What was the direct result of the Atlantic slave trade on West Africa?

• Animism was no longer practiced in Africa
• Many West African communities faced population losses
• European industrial factories were established throughout Africa
• Africans across the continent hired Europeans to train their military

This illustration shows how enslaved Africans were chained together on ships during the "Middle Passage" to the Americas.  What conclusion can be drawn from this illustration?

• Slave traders showed great cruelty and insensitivity to other human beings
• African slaves generally were told where they were going and what would happen to them when they arrived
• Although enslaved Africans came from different regions and cultures of Africa, they learned to communicate with each other
• Of the 20 million Africans taken from their homes and sold into slavery, most never completed the "Middle Passage"

The Inca and Aztec peoples were eager for European products that made their lives easier, but they resisted the idea that Europeans possessed a superior civilization.  This shows that the Incas and Aztecs-

• were affected by Europeans in some ways but not in others
• fully accepted European attempts to alter their lives
• recognized European religious beliefs as superior to their own
• prohibited any future contact with European traders