Endosymbiotic Theory Review

Front

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

Back

The endosymbiotic theory proposes that certain organelles, specifically mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living prokaryotic organisms that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

Front

What type of bacteria evolved into mitochondria?

Back

Aerobic bacteria.

Front

What type of bacteria evolved into chloroplasts?

Back

Cyanobacteria.

Front

What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory?

Back

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is similar to prokaryotic DNA.

Front

What is a key characteristic of mitochondria and chloroplasts that supports the endosymbiotic theory?

Back

They have double membranes, similar to the membranes of prokaryotic cells.

Front

How do mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduce?

Back

They reproduce independently of the cell through a process similar to binary fission, like prokaryotes.

Front

What is the significance of the DNA found in mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Back

The DNA is circular and resembles prokaryotic DNA, suggesting a common ancestry.

Front

What role do mitochondria play in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What role do chloroplasts play in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is a prokaryote?

Back

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria.